Free research help, editing and article downloads for LessWrong

This has turned out to be an incredibly useful page. Thanks again, John! I wish I could upvote the article again.

Request for comments from others who frequent this page:

I have been feeling that the academic literature is severely underused outside academia, including here on LW. Every now and then, I see a discussion that I think of interrupting to say, "Why don't you guys go on Google Scholar to learn more about this from people who have already thought about this? [As opposed to trying to come up with the same ideas by yourselves.]" (Access isn't a problem: abstracts often provide the information that one is looking for, and besides, free access to the vast majority of cited articles is available within hours from, e.g., here and Reddit's r/scholar.)

I'm hesitant about making this sort of comment because there is a clear potential for signaling: "I read journal articles that smart people read; I'm so smart. [You don't read these articles; you're not smart.]" From an outside view, I can imagine people making this sort of comment to signal intelligence (related), so I'm worried that my belief that the academic literature is underused is coming from a rationalization of a desire to use this signal.

If the literature is indeed underused, one possible explanation is that online journal access and search is a very recent innovation. If I'm not mistaken, it was very difficult for the general public to access any journal article ten years ago (and searching for specific information would have been a daunting task even for specialists).

Any thoughts?

There is a website called ezproxy dot blogspot dot com which posts occasionally working password to library sites and universities' online resources. It might prove useful to some people here.

I am interested in obtaining the manuals and test booklets for the following psychometric inventories:

NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R)

Publisher's product page.

The NEO-PI-3 and NEO-FFI-3 would also be useful. (The manuals for these three inventories seem to be identical.)

Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM)

Publisher's product page.

The SPM(+) and CPM would also be useful. (The manuals for these tests are split into several sections/volumes.)

I am not able to buy these inventories from the publishers: the NEO PI-R requires an S-level qualification (certificate, license, or relevant undergraduate degree), while the APM requires a B-level qualification (certification/membership in professional organization or relevant master's degree).

Furthermore, I cannot find any copies of the manuals or test booklets online, so I assume the publishers are serious in suppressing distribution; if you get hold of a copy, PMing me is probably a better idea than posting it publicly.

I would be happy to obtain either the manual or test booklet for any of the aforementioned inventories. (I'd also like to know how I might be able to get these materials, free or otherwise.)

http://baywood.metapress.com/index/VQJDT1YD5WVBRYPJ.pdf

Can anyone access this : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00381.x/full

• “Hindsight bias- A Primer for Motivational Researchers” by Mark Pezzo, at the Wiley Online Library.

This sounds like a good idea, thanks for committing the time for it! On reading I had two thoughts:

• While I'm assuming that you're willing to try helping with anything, people with more technical problems will appreciate a summary of what skills you can provide in particular.
• I'm also wondering if there is demand for this in a format more like HN office hours.

I'm starting to think it may be time to start a new article; besides being more manageable, one could go through the old one, identify any remaining outstanding requests, and copy them over. As it is, probably no one is going through the old ones because it's too hard to work out which ones haven't been filled...

Also a good excuse to tote up some statistics like '300 papers provided' etc!

1. A model of decision-making involving two information processors. COMPUTATIONAL ECONOMICS, Volume 2, Number 2 (1989), 119-149.

2. Design of interactive systems—a formal approach International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, Volume 37, Issue 1, July 1992, Pages 23–46.

Does anyone know how to get this 1959 paper from I.J. Good? I don't even know where to look for an old "IBM Research Report" from 1959.

"Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response".

I'd like a copy of "The Flynn effect puzzle: A 30-year examination from the right tail of the ability distribution provides some missing pieces" (old Wired discussion).

I've made a new thread with the intent that new requests should go there. I'll probably still fill requests there, but please monitor requests at the new thread if you're helping out.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13546783.2012.713178

Two resources (I've rot13ed the names and URLs):

• Yvoenel Trarfvf (yvotra.bet) – This enormous book repository has been mentioned a few times before on LW. yvotra.bet and tra.yvo.ehf.rp (you need a non-US VPN/proxy to access these) are the official mirrors. A list of mirrors operated by others can be found through Download -> Mirrors (and in the grandchild comment below).

• Fpv-Uho (fpv-uho.bet) – This offers proxy access through ~20 different university libraries. It worked well on a few papers that I wasn't able to access otherwise. This should be especially useful if you don't normally have VPN access to a library. (If the current proxy doesn't have access to your paper, just click the refresh icon on the right to switch to another proxy.) Again, looks like you'll need a non-US IP.

Also, I acquired a copy of FineReader and would be happy to OCR any scanned paper or book that you have (I've tried some open-source and free online alternatives and found them lacking). Just leave a comment here as usual.

I will be applying OCR by default to future requests that I receive as scanned documents. This includes some image manipulation (deskewing, contrast enhancing, etc.) and lossy compression (in general, the final product is more readable than the original, despite the compression). Let me know if you don't want these applied and prefer the original un-OCRed scan.

Hi everyone,

I'm currently working for the Singularity Institute on a project tracking AI progress over the decades. One section I'm working on is on logistics AI. I'm trying to find information on a program called NONLIN apparently used by the Navy. The paper Russell & Norvig cite as a source on NONLIN is not available free online, far as I can tell:

Tate, A. and Whiter, A. M. (1984). Planning with multiple resource constraints and an application to a naval planning problem_ in Proc. First Conference on AI Application, pp. 410-4 Lb.

If anyone can get me this paper, PM me, and I'll send you my e-mail address. If you happen across other sources with information on NONLIN, that would be appreciated too!

Calibration and probability judgements: Conceptual and methodological issues

The calibration of subjective probability: Theories and models 1980–94.

The role of motivated reasoning in optimistic time predictions.

Edit: And

The accuracy of cost and duration estimates in industrial R&D.

Estimate accuracy and causes of delay in an engineering research laboratory

Inside the planning fallacy

• Learning Machines
• How much can machines learn?
• Faster than Thought
• Consciousness and Behavior
• Thinking by Machine
• Man and the "Thinking" Machine
• The thinking of men and machines
• Latest Methods for the Conception and Education of Intelligent Machines
• Toward Intelligent Machines
• Can machines be intelligent?

Some more older stuff I am looking for. Any help finding them would be greatly appreciated.

"Environmental Lithium Exposure in the North of Chile—I. Natural Water Sources"

Supplementary iodine fails to reverse hypothyroidism in adolescents and adults with endemic cretinism

1) Moore & Whinston (1986). A model of decision-making with sequential information-acquisition (Part 1). Decision Support Systems. Volume 2, Issue 4, December 1986, Pages 285–307.

2) Moore & Whinston (1987). A model of decision-making with sequential information-acquisition (Part 2). Decision Support Systems. Volume 3, Issue 1, March 1987, Pages 47–72.

3) Brehmer (1992). Dynamic decision making: Human control of complex systems. Acta Psychologica. Volume 81, Issue 3, December 1992, Pages 211–241.

Thanks in advance.

Graber et al. (2012), Cognitive interventions to reduce diagnostic error: a narrative review.

Please help me find:

"When the Only Constant is Change," Negotiation, Vol. 8, No. 12, December 2005

Ployart, Robert E., Jonathan C. Ziegert, and Lynn A. McFarland. “Understanding Racial Differences on Cognitive Ability Test in Selection Contexts: An Integration of Stereotype Threat and Applicant Reactions Research." Human Performance 16 (2003): 231–259.

Social influence effects on automatic racial prejudice. By Lowery, Brian S.; Hardin, Curtis D.; Sinclair, Stacey Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 81(5), Nov 2001, 842-855.

Thank you.

Cognitive Heuristics and American Security Policy, Kanwisher, 1989. http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/33/4/652.short

Note to self: can always request from authors if LW, WP, and Reddit fail.

Richardson, James T. 1991. "Cult/Brainwashing Cases and Freedom of Religion," J. Church & State, 33:1, pp. 55-74.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1975.tb01046.x/abstract

Confirmation bias in a simulated research environment: An experimental study of scientific inference

Varieties of confirmation bias

And this is a stretch but i someone has these two chapters in a convenient format that would be spectacular:

Perkins, D. N., Allen, R., & Hafner, J. (1983). Difficulties in everyday reasoning. In W. Maxwell (Ed.), Thinking: The frontier expands.

and

Perkins, D. N., Farady, M., & Bushey, B. (1991). Everyday reasoning and the roots of intelligence. In J. F. Voss, D. N. Perkins, & J. W. Segal (Eds.), Informal reasoning and education.

For people retrieving articles: what is the easiest request format for you? I've been providing links to the article in databases but I just realized it would be easier for me to retrieve with links to a google scholar search.

"The effect of iodine supplementation on cognition of mildly iodine deficient young New Zealand adults"

Is this project still running? If so, I'd like to volunteer some time. I anticipate needing some help in the future and would like to preemptively do my part.

Hi, could anyone help me obtain

"Limits of Scientific Inquiry" by G. Holton, R. S. Morison ( 1978 )

and

"What is Your Dangerous Idea?: Today's Leading Thinkers on the Unthinkable." Brockman, John (2007)

Thanks in advance

Needed: Good (1959). Could a machine make probability judgments? Computers and Automation 8, 14-16 and 24-26.

Needed: Good (1982). Ethical machines.

Needed: Michie (1991). Machine intelligence and the human window.

Can anyone get behind the paywall to grab me this article?

I.J. Good (1970). Some future social repercussions of computers.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14622741

Can anyone send me the full text? Thanks in advance

Legarde, D., Batejat, D., Van Beers, P., Sarafian, D., Pradella,S. (1995). Interest of Modafinil, a New Psychostimulant, During a Sixty-Hour Sleep Deprivation Experiment. Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology, 9(3), 271-279

It's not clear to me whether the offer is to help with any project, for LessWrong articles, or research projects for SI. The title says "for LessWrong" but that may just mean "for any member of LessWrong".

I'm looking for:

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cjs.5550360409/abstract

http://www.jstor.org/stable/91337

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570868307000857

Differential effect of caffeine administration on calcium and vitamin D metabolism in young and adult rats

"An Introduction to Japanese Society’s Attitudes Toward Race and Skin Color", Debito Arudou

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15027570.2012.708265

per http://lesswrong.com/r/discussion/lw/ej3/scientists_make_monkeys_smarter_using_brain/7g2x

• https://springerlink3.metapress.com/content/h842v2702r60u481/resource-secured/?target=fulltext.pdf&sid=12ddod2vvllvk4223fq3ka1z&sh=www.springerlink.com "Memory for the order of briefly presented numerals in humans as a function of practice" by Alan Silberberg and David Kearns
• "Do young chimpanzees have extraordinary working memory? ", 2010, Peter Cook and Margaret Wilson

Peter Rossi, "The iron law of evaluation and other metallic rules". Research in Social Problems and Public Policy. 1987;4:3–20.

Need access to a particular paper and need someone with a library subscription to download it for you?

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6018/772.short

http://www.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/T-AFFC.2012.29

• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wcs.1188/abstract
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wcs.1193/abstract
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wcs.1187/abstract
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wcs.1190/abstract

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2012.00504.x/abstract

and

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2012.00503.x/abstract

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/132/3426/555.extract

Research into smoking or nicotine and human cognitive performance: does the source of funding make a difference?

Subjective effects of modafinil, a new central adrenergic stimulant in healthy volunteers: A comparison with amphetamine, caffeine and placebo

"Optimum rehearsal patterns and name learning" pg 625-632; TK Landauer, RA Bjork. In: Practical aspects of memory ed. Gruneberg, 1978 ISBN 0471912344

http://www.springerlink.com/content/j0ug38722j1w4648/

http://www.springerlink.com/content/r0h4k71w7w5n8271/

http://www.springerlink.com/content/l8r6320425q7740t/

http://www.springerlink.com/content/l17880x83r5m1w70/

http://www.springerlink.com/content/t55l7513054213t6/

Here's another paper I've identified as potentially useful, for same project as was mentioned in previous comments:

Shah, Huma; Warwick, Kevin (June 2010), "Hidden Interlocutor Misidentification in Practical Turing Tests", Minds and Machines 20 (3): 441-454

Does anyone know any other place where we can ask for free ILL requests? I think jsalvatier and I can request only a single chapter out of each book without running into copyright issues, but there are some (out-of-print and as-yet-unpirated) books from which I'd like to get more than two chapters in electronic form. (AFAIK, Reddit's r/scholar doesn't do ILL requests.)

I seek the following book chapters. Could someone submit ILL requests for me?

1. Ruddick, William. 1980. “Concluding note.” In Philosophers in Medical Centers, edited by William Ruddick, 81–2. New York: Society for Philosophy and Public Affairs. OCLC:7424036

2. Hooper, Edward. 1999. “The quieting of Louis Pascal.” In The River: A Journey to the Source of HIV and AIDS, 365–74. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Co. OCLC:39905078

3. Pascal, Louis. 1986. “Judgement day.” In Applied Ethics, edited by Peter Singer, 105–24. Oxford: Oxford University Press. OCLC:13820779

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/early/2012/08/15/science.1226355.full.pdf

Larrick, Morgan, & Nisbett (1990). Teaching the use of cost-benefit reasoning in everyday life. Psychological Science, 1: 362-370.

Anand, P., Durand, M., Heckman J., (2011) The Measurement of progress –some achivements and challenges, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A, 174, 851-5.

"Will Working Memory Training Generalize to Improve Off-Task Behavior in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?"

Pietruszkiewicz & Imada, Artificial intelligence evolved from random behaviour: Departure from the state of the art.

Grossman et al., A Route to Well-being: Intelligence vs. Wise Reasoning. (Non-HTML version, please.)

Yampolskiy, Turing Test as a defining feature of AI-completeness.

History, adaptation, Japan: Haruki Murakami's `Tony Takitani' and Jun Ichikawa's Tony Takitani

Learning How to “Make a Deal”: Human (Homo sapiens) and Monkey (Macaca mulatta) Performance When Repeatedly Faced With the Monty Hall Dilemma

Initially, humans and monkeys showed indifference between the two options of either staying with their initial choice or switching. With experience, members of both species learned to use the switch strategy at above chance levels, but there were individual differences with only approximately half of the participants in each species learning to choose the more optimal response. Thus, humans and monkeys showed similar capacity to adjust their responding as a result of increased experience with this probabilistic task.

(Hilarious-sounding, IMO.)

The effects of framing, problem variations, and providing rationale on choice

http://teamat.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/4/179.extract

• The cognitive science of fiction
• Unified theories of cognition
• Are groups more rational than individuals

The Effect Of Training Working Memory And Attention On Pupils’ Fluid Intelligence, C J Zhong 2012, Master's thesis.

Can't seem to find the author anywhere to contact, and there's no obvious way to get it via UWash; supposedly you can order it from that site but I'm not sure I care $25 worth. (The abstract indicates that it used no-contact control groups, so the observation of increased IQ isn't that interesting: it's what the current literature predicts.)

I knew it would happen: Remembered probabilities of once-future things

Judgment by outcomes: When is it justified?

Outcome Biases in Social Perception: Implications for Dispositional Inference, Attitude Change, Stereotyping, and Social Behavior.

• Computer simulation of cognitive processes
• Artificial Neuron
• Man viewed as machine
• The brain as a computing machine
• Of digital computers called brains
• Machines that think
• The thinking of men and machines

These papers are relatively old, any help with finding them would be greatly appreciated.

"THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUAL DEBIASING EFFORTS ON FINANCIAL DECISION EFFECTIVENESS IN THE SUPPLIER SELECTION PROCESS"

Supply Chain Inventory Replenishment: The Debiasing Effect of Declarative Knowledge

• CyberChild A Simulation Test-Bed for Consciousness Studies
• Machine consciousness: plausible idea or semantic distortion?
• Searle's AI program
• Designed for Life
• Notes of a biology-watcher: on artificial intelligence

A Psychological Study of the Inverse Relationship Between Perceived Risk and Perceived Benefit

A Psychological Study of the Inverse Relationship Between Perceived Risk and Perceived Benefit

• Belief bias in informal reasoning
• Because Hitler did it!

Negrotti, The artificial brain.

The generality of the ratio-bias phenomenon

Communicating violence risk: Frequency formats, vivid outcomes, and forensic settings

Edit: And Class inclusion, the conjunction fallacy, and other cognitive illusions

I don't mean to spam the thread, I'm just surveying a large number of papers.

Believability and syllogistic reasoning

The effects of belief on the spontaneous production of syllogistic conclusions

No rush on these. Thank's to everyone contributing to this.

"Cognitive Sophistication Does Not Attenuate the Bias Blind Spot"

Debiasing by instruction: The case of belief bias

The source of belief bias effects in syllogistic reasoning

The vividness effect: Elusive or illusory?

Debias the environment instead of the judge: an alternative approach to reducing error in diagnostic (and other) judgment

Iodine papers (extracted from Pharoah):

• Papua New Guinea:

  • 23: Pharoah POD, Buttfield IH, Hetzel BS. The effect of iodine prophylaxis on the incidence of endemic cretinism. Adv Exp Med Biol 1972; 30:210-21
  • 26: Pharoah POD, Connolly KJ. A controlled trial of iodinated oil for the prevention of endemic cretinism: a long-term follow-up. Int J Epidemiol 1987; 16:68-73

• Peru:

  • 30: Pretell EA, Torres T, Zenteno V, Corenjo M. Prophylaxis of endemic goiter with iodized oil in rural Peru. Adv Exp Med Biol 1972; 30:249-65
  • 31: Pretell EA, Palacios P, Tello L, Martha Wan QF, Utiger RD, Stanbury JB. Iodine deficiency and the materno-fetal relationship. Pan Am Health Org Sci Pub 1974; 292:143-55

These aren't a priority. I think it's highly likely that iodine will do little for adult intelligence, and I'm mostly pursuing this line of inquiry so I can do a meta-analysis (for practice - this would be only my second one, after the n-back one) and nail down the experiment design a little more tightly.

I've begun research on a paper. The topic is how whole brain emulation (WBE) might affect the macro-economy. In other words, how WBE could affect growth, unemployment, inflation, etc. I'd like some help tracking down the best sources.

I've heard that Robin Hanson has written quite a bit about the topic. I have three of his papers: "Economic Growth Given Machine Intelligence," "Long-Term Growth As A Sequence of Exponential Models," and "Is a Singularity Just Around the Corner?" I also have a copy of "Economics of the Singularity" but I don't think that's peer-reviewed.

I'm currently reading through the sources. I know that other people reading LW have a much more knowledge of Hanson's work than I do. Are these the best papers to use, or am I missing any recent/relevant sources?

Also, I don't want to restrict my research to just Hanson's work. I also have "Whole Brain Emulation and the Evolution of Superorganisms" by Carl Shulman and "Economic Implications of Software Minds" by S. Kaas, S. Rayhawk, A. Salamon and P. Salamon. Again, reading my way through these, too.

Are there any better sources than the ones I already have? I don't have a great grasp of the field, so I feel like it's possible that there's a landmark paper or book on the subject I haven't come across yet. In the mean time, I'll continue my searching and reading.

Inferences based on non-diagnostic information

and

Pseudodiagnosticity

ETA: Also, Pseudodiagnosticity in judgment under uncertainty

Three articles from this issue:

Melnyk, Materialism
Kircanski et al., Cognitive aspects of depression
Polger, Functionalism as a philosophical theory of the cognitive sciences

I have a manuscript. i'd like to edit it for submitting in ISI journals, How can i edit my article for free?

"All-You-Can-Eat Buffet: Entry Price, the Fat Tax and Meal Cessation"

Bratman (2003), Autonomy and Heirarchy.

Needed: Evans, Questions and challenges for the new psychology of reasoning.

Needed: Should Analytic Epistemology Be Replaced By Ameliorative Psychology?.

Needed: Soll & Klayman (2004), Overconfidence in interval estimates.

Needed: Zadeh (1950), Thinking Machines, A New Field in Electrical Engineering.

Needed: Weinstein et al - Parental autonomy support and discrepancies between implicit and explicit sexual identities: Dynamics of self-acceptance and defense.

Please help me find: Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness: Empirical Research Concerning the Pragma-Dialectical Discussion Rules, by Frans H. van Eemeren, Garssen, Bart, Meuffels, Bert

Needed: Allen & Wallah (2012). Wise machines.

Needed: Gregory (1971). The social implications of intelligent machines.

If this sort of help is still available, I have some math I'm working through for a post that I'd love to have checked - a page and a half of fairly basic statistics.

It can be found here (pdf): http://dl.dropbox.com/u/430270/lwalienprisoners.pdf

Thanks!

This sounds like it might be very useful. I tend to generate ideas all the time that seem like they could both be of great use to LW at large, and to me personally as well, but don't know how to formalize them, communicate them, or extrapolate to most of the important/useful implications.

www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13869795.2012.706822