LessWrong 2.0 Reader

It doesn't matter whether you call your multiplier "probability" or "value" if it results in your decision to not care about low-measure branch. The only difference is that probability is supposed to be about knowledge, and Wallace's argument involving arbitrary assumption, not only physics, means it's not probability, but value - there is no reason to value knowledge of your low-measure instances less.

this makes decision theory and probably consequentialist ethics impossible in your framework

It doesn't? Nothing stops you from making decisions in a world where you are constantly splitting. You can try to maximize splits of good experiences or something. It just wouldn't be the same decisions you would make without knowledge of splits, but why new physical knowledge shouldn't change your decisions?

You have very strong intuition. A puzzle I was giving people before was "Round E[number of rolls until 100 6s in a row | all even] to the next integer" and the proof I had in mind for 101 was very close to your second paragraph. And when I friend of mine missed the "in a row" part and got 150, the resolution we came to (after many hours!) was similar to the rest of the argument you gave.

I read part of the paper. That there's a cultural difference north-south about honesty and willingness to break the rules matches my experience on the ground.

I'm not at all saying the experiences of a person in a low-weight world are less valuable than a person in a high-weight world. Just that when you are considering possible futures in a decision-theoretic framework you need to apply the weights (because weight is equivalent to probability). 

Wallace's useful achievement in this context is to show that there exists a set of axioms that makes this work, and this includes branch-indifference.

This is useful because makes clear the way in which the branch-counting approach you're suggesting is in conflict with decision theory. So I don't disagree that you can care about the number of your thin instances, but what I'm saying is in that case you need to accept that this makes decision theory and probably consequentialist ethics impossible in your framework.

My intuition was that B is bigger.

The justification was more or less the following: any time you roll until reaching two $6\text{s}$ in a row, you will have also hit your second 6 at or before then. So regardless what the conditions are, $A$ must be larger than $B$.

This seems obviously wrong. The conditions matter a lot. Without conditions that would be adequate to explain why it takes more rolls to get two 6s in a row than it does to get two 6s, but given the conditions that doesn't explain anything.

The way I think about it is that you are looking at a very long string of digits 1-6 and (for A) selecting the sequences of digits that end with two 6s in a row going backwards until just before you hit an odd number (which is not very far, since half of rolls are odd). If you ctrl+f "66" in your mind you might see that it's "36266" for a length of 4, but probably not. Half of your "66"s will be proceeded by an odd number, making half of the two-6s-in-a-row sequences length 2.

For people that didn't intuit that B is bigger, I wonder if you'd find it more intuitive if you imagine a D100 is used rather than a D6.

While two 100s in a row only happens once in 10,000 times, when they do happen they are almost always part of short sequences like "27,100,100" or "87,62,100,100" rather than "53,100,14,100,100".

On the other hand, when you ctrl+f for a single "100" in your mind and count backwards until you get another 100, you'll almost always encounter an odd number first before encountering another "100" and have to disregard the sequence. But occasionally the 100s will appear close together and by chance there won't be any odd numbers between them. So you might see "9,100,82,62,100" or "13,44,100,82,100" or "99,100,28,100" or "69,12,100,100".

Another way to make it more intuitive might be to imagine that you have to get several 100s in a row / several 100s rather than just two. E.g. For four 100s: Ctrl+f "100,100,100,100" in your mind. Half the time it will be proceeded by an odd number for length 4, a quarter of the time it will be length 5, etc. Now look for all of the times that four 100s appear without there being any odd numbers between them. Some of these will be "100,100,100,100", but far more will be "100,32,100,100,88,100" and similar. And half the time there will be an odd number immediately before, a quarter of the time it will be odd-then-even before, etc.

I have a friend with eidetic imagination who says that for her, there is literally no difference between seeing something and imagining it. Sometimes she's worried about losing track of reality if she were to imagine too much.

Thank you for pointing me that way. No I have not!

So I took a quick look. This looks a lot like HuggingFace. It's good to be reminded that these things exist and they do have some things in common with what I propose. As they stand, though, it's not it. Notice I'm talking about scientific models here. The mindset with which I approach this is one of theoretically-motivated, sparsely connected models, the kind you learn about when you take a university course in say, psychology or economics, not the kind you train with neural networks.

A possible model is that while good startups have an elevation in the "cult-factor", they have an even greater elevation in the unique factor related to the product they are building. Like SpaceX has cult-like elements but SpaceX also has Mars and Mars is much bigger than the cult-like elements, so if we define a cult to require that the biggest thing going on for them is cultishness then SpaceX is not a cult.

This is justified by LDSL (I really should write up the post explaining it...).

Oh yeah, this. I used to think that "argh" or "it hurts" were just hyperbolic compliments for an excellent pun. Turns out, puns actually are painful to some people.

It took until I was today years old to realize that reading a book and watching a movie are visually similar experiences for some people!